Share:


Is it a smart city a creative place?

    Emilian Gwiaździński   Affiliation
    ; Dominika Kaczorowska-Spychalska Affiliation
    ; Luís Moreira Pinto Affiliation

Abstract

Along this article we share our research in the field of urban creativity, in particular on how smart cities are becoming more and more independent and developing a spirit of sustainable autonomy that somehow creates creative opportunities in terms of memory and cultural identity. Our current article raises the issue of how can smart cities affect the creative process? We believe that creativity becomes a process linked into a digital world and becomes much more interactive. That is why new ways of artistic and digital expression can be welcomed by those who are used to new technologies, which daily influence human activity in the space of the city. In other words, with the use of the existing technology inside the cities and their interconnections with other cities we can conceive creative strategies that will contribute to preserve the memory as well as the cultural and creative identity of a people. Video-mapping is precisely one of those creative strategies, once it will directly interact between the real dimension and the virtual dimension. The use of video-mapping, as an element of covering the facades of buildings, can somehow help to make the streets more dynamic and transform them into other atmospheres. The city becomes part of the third dimension and people are interacting between the real and the virtual. The management of the urban space has been gradually changing and following the technological advance. Mobility and sustainability is one of the key factors in which a smart city has invested the most. Now is the time to invest in a relationship between the city and the people, making it more humane and giving space for creativity.


Santrauka


Šiame straipsnyje skelbiame tyrimus, susijusius su miesto kūrybiškumo sritimi, daugiausia dėmesio skirdami tam, kaip išmanieji miestai vis labiau ir labiau tampa savarankiškesni ir kuria tvaraus autonomiškumo dvasią, kuri tam tikru būdu lemia kūrybinių galimybių atsiradimą atminties ir kultūrinio tapatumo prasme. Šiame straipsnyje keliamas klausimas – kaip išmanieji miestai gali paveikti kūrybinį procesą? Manome, kad kūrybiškumas tampa procesu, susijusiu su skaitmeniniu pasauliu, ir darosi kur kas interaktyvesnis. Štai kodėl naujus meninės ir skaitmeninės išraiškos būdus palankiai priima tie, kurie yra įpratę prie naujųjų technologijų, o šios kasdien daro įtaką žmogaus aktyvumui miesto erdvėje. Kitaip tariant, naudojantis turimomis technologijomis miestuose ir pajungiant jų tarpusavio ryšius su kitais miestais, kūrybines strategijas galima suvokti kaip tai, kas padės išsaugoti žmonių atmintį, taip pat jų kultūrinį ir kūrybinį tapatumą. Vaizdo žemėlapių sudarymas yra viena iš tų kūrybinių strategijų, kuri sukurs tiesioginę realumo ir virtualumo dimensijų sąveiką. Vaizdo žemėlapiai kaip elementas, paslepiantis pastatų fasadus, tam tikru būdu gali padėti gatvėms tapti dinamiškesnėms ir paversti jas kita aplinka. Miestas tampa trečiosios dimesnsijos dalimi, o žmonės sąveikauja tarp to, kas yra realu, ir to, kas virtualu. Miesto erdvės valdymas pamažu kinta, atsižvelgiant į technologinę pažangą. Mobilumas ir tvarumas – vieni pagrindinių veiksnių, į kuriuos išmanusis miestas investavo daugiausia. Dabar yra metas investuoti į miesto ir žmonių santykį, paverčiant jį žmogiškesniu ir suteikiant erdvės kūrybiškumui.


Reikšminiai žodžiai: kūrybinis miestas, skaitmeninės technologijos, žmogus, informacijos ir komunikacijos technologijos, valdymas, išmanusis miestas.

Keyword : creative city, digital technologies, human being, information and communications technologies, management, smart city

How to Cite
Gwiaździński, E., Kaczorowska-Spychalska, D., & Moreira Pinto, L. (2020). Is it a smart city a creative place?. Creativity Studies, 13(2), 460-476. https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2020.12190
Published in Issue
Aug 24, 2020
Abstract Views
1246
PDF Downloads
1137
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Algorithm Watch, Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2019). Automating society: taking stock of automated decision-making in the EU. AW AlgorithmWatch gGmbH.

Anilir, S., Linner, Th., Bener Suay, H., & Bock, Th. (2009). Application of Infra-Free Motherboard (IFM) in a decentralized community for a customized real-time processing multidirectional energy supply network. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 8(2), 407–414. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.8.407

Bell, S., Benatti, F., Edwards, N. R., Laney, R., Morse, D. R., Piccolo, L., & Zanetti, O. (2018). Smart cities and M3: rapid research, meaningful metrics and co-design. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 31, 27–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-017-9415-x

Bhati, A., Hansen, M., & Chan, Ch. M. (2017). Energy conservation through smart homes in a smart city: a lesson for Singapore households. Energy Policy, 104, 230–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.01.032

Calderón, M., López, G., & Marín, G. (2018). Smartness and technical readiness of Latin American cities: a critical assessment. IEEE Access, 6. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8485791

Casile, O. (2011, 6–8 July). IBM, for a smarter planet and smarter cities. Best Student Recognition Event. EMEA IBM Innovation Center. La Gaude, France. file:///C:/Users/Jovile/Downloads/IBM%20Smarter%20Planet%20&%20Smarter%20Cities.pdf

Chan, Ch.-Sh., & Marafa, L. M. (2018). Knowledge-perception bridge of green-smart integration of cities: an empirical study of Hong Kong. Sustainability, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010107

Chen, M., & Lin, Y. (2019). Exploration and implementation of intelligent park information systembased on cloud computing and internet of things. International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, 15(1), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i01.9783

Cheng, Y.-Ch., Chen, Y.-Ch., Chiang, W.-M., & Yang, Ch.-L. (2015). Establishing systematic modular courses for key teaching competencies of teachers in Hsinchu City. International Education Studies, 8(5), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n5p21

Contreras Pinochet, L. H., Furtani Romani, G., Souza, de C. A., & Rodríguez-Abitia, G. (2019). Intention to live in a Smart City based on its characteristics in the perception by the Young Public. Revista de Gestão, 26(1), 73–92. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-06-2018-0077

D’Aniello, G., Gaeta, M., Loia, F., Reformat, M., & Toti, D. (2018). An environment for collective perception based on fuzzy and semantic approaches. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research, 8(3), 191–210. https://doi.org/10.1515/jaiscr-2018-0013

Darley, A. (2006). Videoculture digitali. Spettacolo e giochi di superficie nei nuovi media. Franco Angeli.

Dosi, G. (2000). Innovation, organization and economic dynamics: selected essays. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Du, J., Kuang, B., & Yang, Y. (2019). A data-driven framework for smart urban domestic wastewater: a sustainability perspective. Hindawi: Advances in Civil Engineering. http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ace/2019/6530626.pdf

Ek, A., Alexandrou, Ch., Delisle Nyström, Ch., Direito, A., Eriksson, U., Hammar, U., Henriksson, P., Maddison, R., Trolle Lagerros, Y., & Löf, M. (2018). The Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) study to promote physical activity through active transportation in healthy adults: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 18. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12889-018-5658-4

Guidehouse Insights. (2019). Smart City Tracker 2Q19: Global Smart City Projects by world region, market segment, technology, and application. https://guidehouseinsights.com/reports/smart-city-tracker-2q19

Heller, S., & Womack, D. (2008). Become a digital designer: a guide to careers in web, video, broadcast, game, and animation design. John Wiley & Sons.

Hemalata, V., Saraswathy Shamini, G., & Sumathi, B. (2019). Smart City: the state of the art, definitions, characteristics and dimensions. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, 16(8), 3525–3531. https://doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8318

Holl, S. (2009). Urbanisms: working with doubt. Princeton Architectural Press.

Holl, S., Pallasmaa, J., & Pérez-Gómez, A. (Eds.). (2006). Question of perception: phenomenology of architecture. a+u Publishing Co., Ltd./William Stout Publishers.

James, A., & Nagasaka, D. (2011). Theoretical connection points between multimedia and architecture. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 10(1), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.10.171

Kang, J., Aletta, F., Margaritis, E., & Yang, M. (2018). A model for implementing soundscape maps in Smart Cities. Noise Mapping, 5, 46–59. https://doi.org/10.1515/noise-2018-0004

Kim, M. J., Cho, M. E., & Chae, H. H. (2014). A smart community for placemaking in housing complexes. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 13(3), 539–546. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.13.539

Komninos, N., & Kakderi, Ch. (Eds.). (2019). Smart Cities in the post-algorithmic era: integrating technologies, platforms and governance. Series: Cities Series. J. R. Short (Series Ed.). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789907056

Kotler, Ph., Kartajaya, H., & Setiawan, I. (2010). Marketing 3.0: from products to customers to the human spirit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118257883

Kunzmann, K. R. (2014). Smart Cities: a new paradigm of urban development. Crios, 1, 9–20.

Lee, J.-H., & Lee, W.-J. (2013). A study on the impact of ubiquitous street furniture on human behavior – based on media poles installed on Seoul’s Gangnam Boulevard. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 12(2), 181–188. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.12.181

Leone, G. R., Moroni, D., Pieri, G., Petracca, M., Salvetti, O., Azzarà, A., & Marino, F. (2017). An intelligent cooperative visual sensor network for urban mobility. Sensors, 17. https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/11/2588

Li, F., & Zheng, B. (2016). Design of the smart city planning system based on the internet of things. International Journal of Smart Home, 10(11), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.14257/ijsh.2016.10.11.18

Lytras, M. D., Visvizi, A., & Sarirete, A. (2019). Clustering Smart City services: perceptions, expectations, responses. Sustainability, 11. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/6/1669

Macke, J., Casagrande, R. M., Sarate, J. A. R., & Silva, K. A. (2018). Smart City and quality of life: citizens’ perception in a Brazilian case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 182, 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.078

Maldonado, T. (2015). Reale e virtuale. Giangiacomo Feltrinelli Editore Milano.

Manovich, L. (2002). Il linguaggio dei nuovi media. Olivares.

Mattern, Sh. (2017). A city is not a computer. Places. https://placesjournal.org/article/a-city-is-not-a-computer/?cn-reloaded=1

McKinsey Global Institute. (2018). Smart Cities: digital solutions for a more livable future. McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/capital-projects-and-infrastructure/our-insights/smart-cities-digital-solutions-for-a-more-livable-future

Meijer, A., & Rodríguez Bolívar, M. P. (2015). Governing the Smart City: a review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(2), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852314564308

Milošević, M. R., Milošević, D. M., Stević, D. M., & Stanojević, A. D. (2019). Smart City: modeling key indicators in Serbia Using IT2FS. Sustainability, 11. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/13/3536/notes

Monzon, A. (2016). Smart Cities concept and challenges: bases for the assessment of Smart City projects. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7297938

Moreira Marquez, R. (2000). Cidades em instalação: arte contemporânea no espaço urbano (Doctoral/PhD Thesis). Escola de Arquitetura da UFMG.

Moura, F., & Abreu e Silva, de J. (2019). Smart cities: definitions, evolution of the concept and examples of initiatives. In W. Leal Filho, A. Azul, L. Brandli, P. Özuyar, & T. Wall (Eds.), Industry, innovation and infrastructure (pp. 1–9). Series: Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71059-4_6-1

Muhajarine, N., Katapally, T. R., Fuller, D., Stanley, K. G., & Rainham, D. (2015). Longitudinal active living research to address physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour in children in transition from preadolescence to adolescence. BMC Public Health, 15. https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12889-015-1822-2

Mulder, I. (2014, 22–27 June). Sociable Smart Cities: rethinking our future through co-creative partnerships. In N. Streitz & P. Markopoulos (Eds.), Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference, DAPI 2014, Held as Part of HCI International 2014. 2nd International Conference, DAPI 2014, Held as Part of HCI International 2014 (pp. 566–574). Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07788-8_52

Mumford, L. (1937). What is a city? Architectural Record. https://cityasynthesis.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/mumford-what-is-a-city-1937.pdf

Musatova, Zh., Mhitaryan, S., Nevostruev, P., Sidorchuk, R., & Komleva, N. (2016). Smart-technologies in public transport and their perception by the youth audience. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(42), 164–167. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i42/104278

Nam, T., & Pardo, Th. A. (2011, June). Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. The Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times. 2011 12th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Digital Government Innovation in Challenging Times (pp. 282–291). College Park Maryland, United States. https://doi.org/10.1145/2037556.2037602

Niaros, V. (2016). Introducing a taxonomy of the “Smart City”: towards a commons-oriented approach? TripleC: Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 14(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v14i1.718

Niculescu-Dincă, V. (2018). Towards a sedimentology of information infrastructures: a geological approach for understanding the city. Philosophy and Technology, 31, 455–472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-017-0298-7

Pallasmaa, J. (2012). The eyes of the skin: architecture and the senses. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Pan, W., & Cheng, G. (2018). QoE assessment of encrypted YouTube adaptive streaming for energy saving in Smart Cities. IEEE Access, 6. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8310894

Pérez, S., Laperrière, V., Borderon, M., Padilla, C., Maignant, G., & Oliveau, S. (2016). Evolution of research in health geographics through the International Journal of Health Geographics (2002–2015). International Journal of Health Geographics, 15(3). https://ij-healthgeographics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12942-016-0032-1

Rabazauskaitė, V. (2015). Revitalisation of public spaces in the context of creative tourism. Creativity Studies, 8(2), 124–133. https://doi.org/10.3846/23450479.2015.1053543

Reardon, M. (2016). Three generations of smart cities. IBI Group. https://www.ibigroup.com/ibi-ideas/three-generations-of-smart-cities/

Reddy Kummitha, R. K., & Crutzen, N. (2017). How do we understand smart cities? An evolutionary perspective. Cities, 67, 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.04.010

Ruutu, S., Casey, Th., & Kotovirta, V. (2017). Development and competition of digital service platforms: a system dynamics approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 117, 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.12.011

Sánchez-Teba, E. M., & Bermúdez-González, G. J. (2019). Are Smart-City projects citizen-centered? Social Sciences, 8. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/8/11/309

Si Min Lim, H., & Taeihagh, A. (2019). Algorithmic decision-making in avs: understanding ethical and technical concerns for Smart Cities. Sustainability, 11. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/20/5791

Stanković, J., Džunić, M., Džunić, Ž., & Marinković, S. (2017). A multi-criteria evaluation of the European Cities’ smart performance: economic, social and environmental aspects. Journal of Economics and Business, 35(2), 519–550. https://doi.org/10.18045/zbefri.2017.2.519

Suryanegara, M., Agung Prasetyo, D., Andriyanto, F., & Hayati, N. (2019). A 5-Step framework for measuring the Quality of Experience (QoE) of Internet of Things (IoT) services. IEEE Access, 7. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8922616

Tunzelmann, von N., Malerba, F., Nightingale, P., & Metcalfe, S. (2008). Technological paradigms: past, present and future. Industrial and Corporate Change, 17(3), 467–484. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtn012

Uzzell, D. (2008). People-environment relationships in a digital world. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 25(2), 94–105.

Verhoeff, N. (2016). Screens in the City. In D. Chateau & J. Moure (Eds.). Screens: from materiality to spectatorship – a historical and theoretical reassessment (pp. 125–139). Amsterdam University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048531691-013

Wirth, L. (1938). Urbanism as a way of life. American Journal of Sociology, 44(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1086/217913

Wuebben, J. (2017). Future marketing: winning in the prosumer age. Content Launch Press.

Yang, B. (2019). Developing a Mobile Mapping System for 3D GIS and Smart City planning. Sustainability, 11. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/13/3713

Zandbergen, A. D. (2011). The Dawn of the Age of the Homo Cyber. https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/17671/introduction.pdf?sequence=4

Zevi, B. (1974). Architecture as space: how to look at architecture. Horizon Press.

Zhang, Y., Han, M., & Chen, W. (2018). The strategy of digital scenic area planning from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage protection. EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13640-018-0366-7.pdf