Share:


Evaluating organizational characteristics complementary with enterprise software products

    Tomaž Hovelja   Affiliation
    ; Olegas Vasilecas   Affiliation
    ; Diana Kalibatienė   Affiliation
    ; Rok Rupnik   Affiliation

Abstract

Implementation, deployment and maintenance of enterprise software pre-configured products are one of the key challenges managers need to address in order to stay competitive in the never ending search to find better ways of conducting business. In the literature there are discovered two general approaches through which managers can use for a successful implementation, deployment and maintenance of enterprise software products. First approach is based on the internal re-deployment of the managerial practices that are already used to manage other fields in the enterprise. Second – the deployment of “world-wide” industry “best practices” that international vendors of enterprise software and their local representatives sell as part of their pre-configured software products. This paper presents a novel model that enables enterprises to systematically evaluate the fit between their specific organizational characteristics and the organizational characteristics complementary with successful deployment of international pre-configured enterprise software products. The proposed model is tested through a comparison of two groups of enter-prises from the population of 1000 biggest enterprises in Slovenia. The first group mostly invests in local, while the second group mostly invests in international enterprise software products. The paper finds that on average there are significant and relevant differences in 44% of the examined organizational characteristics between the groups of enterprises that mostly invest in international or local enterprise software products. The model serves as a comprehensive organizational risk checklist for enterprises that are about to invest in enterprise software products.

Keyword : enterprise software investments, international enterprise software products, local enterprise software products, organizational characteristics, software products, pre-configured software products

How to Cite
Hovelja, T., Vasilecas, O., Kalibatienė, D., & Rupnik, R. (2020). Evaluating organizational characteristics complementary with enterprise software products. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(3), 890-913. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.12443
Published in Issue
May 12, 2020
Abstract Views
1295
PDF Downloads
685
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Adler, P., & Shenhar, A. (1990). Adapting your technological base: The organizational challenge. Sloan Management Review, 32(1), 25–37.

Aloini, D., Dulmin, R., & Mininno, V. (2007). Risk management in ERP project introduction: Review of the literature. Information and Management, 44(6), 547–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.05.004

Aloini, D., Dulmin, R., & Mininno, V. (2012). Risk assessment in ERP projects. Information Systems, 37(3), 183–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2011.10.001

Baker, K. A. (2002). Organizational culture. Office of Science.

Bakos, J. Y., & Treacy, M. E. (1986). Information technology and corporate strategy: A research perspective. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 10(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/249029

Barfield, J., Poulsen, J., & French, A. (2004). Discriminant Function Analysis (DA). Retrieved October 2019, from http://userwww.sfsu.edu/efc/classes/biol710/discrim/discriminant.htm

Barrett, K., Leech, N., & Morgan, G. (2005). SPSS for intermediate statistics: Use and interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bartel, A., Ichniowski, C., & Shaw, K. (2007). How does information technology affect productivity? Plant-level comparisons of product innovation, process improvement and worker skills. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(4), 1721–1758. https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2007.122.4.1721

Basu, S., & Fernald, J. (2007). Information and communications technology as a general-purpose technology: Evidence from US industry data. German Economic Review, 8(5), 146–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2007.00402.x

Batenburg, R., Helms, R. W., & Versendaal, J. (2006). PLM roadmap: Stepwise PLM implementation based on the concepts of maturity and alignment. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management, 1(4), 333–351. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPLM.2006.011053

Beath, C., Silver, M., & Markus, L. (1995). The information technology interaction model: A foundation for the MBA core course. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 19(3), 361–390. https://doi.org/10.2307/249600

Bergeron, F., Uqtr, L. R., & Rivard, S. (2002). Strategic alignment and business performance: Operationalizing and testing a covariation model (Workbook nb. 02-01). HEC Montreal.

Tagliavini, M., Pigni, F., Ravarini, A., & Buonanno, G. (2001, October). Empirically testing the impact of ICT on business performance within SMEs. In 11th Annual Business IT Management Conference: Constructing IS Futures, Manchester.

Brand, A., Bradley, M., Best, L., & Stoica, G. (2010). Multiple trials may yield exaggerated effect size estimates. The Journal of General Psychology, 138(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2010.520360

Bresnahan, T. F. (2001). The mechanisms of information technology’s contribution to economic growth. Stanford University. Retrieved August 3, 2019, from https://web.stanford.edu/~tbres/research/mechanisms_of_it_contribution.pdf

Bresnahan, T. F. (2003). The mechanisms of information technology’s contribution to economic growth. In J.-P. Touffut (Ed.), Institutions, innovation and growth. Selected economic papers (Chapter 5). Edward Elgar.

Bresnahan, T., Brynjolfsson, E., & Hitt, L. (2002). Information technology, workplace organization, and the demand for skilled labor: Firm-level evidence. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(1), 339–376. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355302753399526

Brown, S. P., & Leigh, T. W. (1996). A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 358. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.358

Brynjolfsson, E., Hitt, L., & Yang, S. (2002). Intangible assets: How the interaction of computers and organizational structure affects stock market valuations. Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Retrieved October 15, 2002, from http://ebusiness.mit.edu/research/papers/138_Erik_Intangible_Assets.pdf

Brzozowski, M., & Birfer, I. (2017). Applications of MCDM methods in the ERP system selection process in enterprises. Handel Wewnetrzny, 3(368), 40–52.

Cameron, K. (2008). A process for changing organization culture. Handbook of Organization Development, 14(5), 2–18.

Carlson, D. (2017). Quantitative methods in archaeology using R. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139628730

Centobelli, P., Cerchione, R., & Esposito, E. (2018). Aligning enterprise knowledge and knowledge management systems to improve efficiency and effectiveness performance: A three-dimensional Fuzzy-based decision support system. Expert Systems with Applications, 91, 107–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2017.08.032

Chen, P. S., Yen, D. C., Lin, S. C., & Chou, C. S. (2018). Toward an IT investment decision support model for global enterprises. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 59, 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2018.04.001

Chofreh, A., Goni, F., & Klemeš, J. (2018). Sustainable enterprise resource planning systems implementation: A framework development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 1345–1354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.096

Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555–590. https://doi.org/10.5465/256406

Daveri, F. (2004). Delayed IT usage: Is it really the drag on Europe’s productivity? CESifo Economic Studies, 50(3), 397–421. https://doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/50.3.397

Davidavičienė, V., Raudeliūnienė, J., Vengrienė, E., & Jakubavičius, A. (2018). Consolidation of the activities of regulatory institutions while implementing e-government solutions. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 19(2), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.5534

de Santana, G. A., Mascarenhas e Silva, F., de Alencar e Silva, E. J., & Domingos, L. A. (2018). Adoption of innovation processes in a period of crisis by the companies of Petrolina-PE. Navus-Revista De Gestao E Tecnologia, 8(4), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.22279/navus.2018.v8n4.p167-179.734

Dedrick, J., Kraemer, K. L., & Shih, E. (2013). Information technology and productivity in developed and developing countries. Journal of Management Information Systems, 30(1), 97–122. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222300103

Delobbe, N., Haccoun, R. R., & Vandenberghe, C. (2002). Measuring core dimensions of organizational culture: A review of research and development of a new instrument (Unpublished manuscript). Universite catholique de Louvain, Belgium. Retrieved May 15, 2002, from https://growthorientedsustainableentrepreneurship.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/oc-core-dimensions-of-organizational-culture.pdf

Denison, D. R. (1997). Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness. John Wiley & Sons.

Dey, P. K., Clegg, B., & Cheffi, W. (2013). Risk management in enterprise resource planning implementation: A new risk assessment framework. Production Planning & Control, 24(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2011.597038

Dewett, T., & Jones, G. R. (2001). The role of information technology in the organization: A review, model, and assessment. Journal of Management, 27(3), 313–346. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700306

Ehie, C., & Madsen, M. (2005). Identifying critical issues in enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation. Computers in Industry, 56(6), 545–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2005.02.006

Enea, M., & Piazza, T. (2004). Project selection by constrained fuzzy AHP. Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making, 3(1), 39–62. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FODM.0000013071.63614.3d

Fichman, R. G. (2000). The diffusion and assimilation of information technology innovations. In R. Zmud (Ed.), Framing the domains of IT management: Projecting the future... through the past (pp. 105–128). Pinnaflex Educational Resources inc.

Fichman, R. G., & Kemerer, C. F. (1997). The assimilation of software process innovations: An organizational learning perspective. Management Science, 43(10), 1345–1363. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.43.10.1345

Fiedler, K. D., Grover, V., & Teng, J. T. (1996). An empirically derived taxonomy of information technology structure and its relationship to organizational structure. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(1), 9–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1996.11518110

Garg, A. K., Joubert, R. J. O., & Pellissier, R. (2002). Review of strategic alignment: Its meaning, measurement and impact on business performance. Southern African Business Review, 6(1), 38–44.

Garg, P., & Agarwal, D. (2014). Critical success factors for ERP implementation in a Fortis hospital: An empirical investigation. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 27(4), 402–423. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-06-2012-0027

Gimenez, A., & Suarez, R. (2004). Interactions between information technologies and the organization: A conceptual and empirical approach. Universidad Politécnica Madrid. Retrieved January 22, 2004, from http://www.ifsam.org/1998/DATA/1.PD

Gospodarska zbornica Slovenije [Slovenian Chamber of Commerce]. (2004). Analiza slovenskega sektorja IKT kot osnova za strategijo njegovega razvoja [Analysis of Slovenian ICT sector as the basis for its development strategy]. Gospodarska zbornica Slovenije, Ljubljana. Retrieved June 29, 2004, from http://www.gzs.si/publikacije/prikaz1.asp?ids=2083

Goyettea, S., Cassivia, L., Courchesnea, M., & Eliaa, E. (2014). Knowledge transfer mechanisms in an ERP post-implementation stage. Procedia Technology, 16, 430–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.109

Gronwald, K.-D. (2017). Integrated business information systems: A holistic view of the linked business process chain ERP-SCM-CRM-BI-Big Data. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55469-2

Grover, V., & Goslar, M. D. (1993). The initiation, adoption, and implementation of telecommunications technologies in US organizations. Journal of Management Information Systems, 10(1), 141–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11517994

Gupta, Y. P., Karimi, J., & Somers, T. M. (1997). Alignment of a firm’s competitive strategy and information technology management sophistication: The missing link. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 44(4), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1109/17.649870

Gurbaxani, V., Kraemer, K., & Melville, N. (2004). An integrative model of IT business value. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 28(2), 283–322. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148636

Haddara, M. (2014). ERP selection: The SMART way. Procedia Technology, 16, 394–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.105

Hakim, A., & Hakim, H. 2010. A practical model on controlling the ERP implementation risks. Information Systems, 35(2), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2009.06.002

Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. Harper Collins Publishers.

Hawking, P. (2007). Implementing ERP systems globally: Challenges and lessons learned for Asian countries. Journal of Business Systems, Governance and Ethics, 2(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.15209/jbsge.v2i1.96

Hedman, J., & Kalling, T. (2001). The business model: A means to understand the business context of information and communication technology (Institute of Economic Research Working Paper Series). https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1064&context=ecis2002

Heinzelmann, R. (2017). Accounting logics as a challenge for ERP system implementation: A field study of SAP. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 13(2), 162–187. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-10-2015-0085

Henderson, J. C., & Venkatraman, H. (1999). Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations. IBM Systems Journal, 38(2.3), 472–484. https://doi.org/10.1147/SJ.1999.5387096

Hofstede, G. (1980). Motivation, leadership and organization: Do American theories apply abroad? Organizational Dynamics, 10(1), 42–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(80)90013-3

Hofstede, G. (2003). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Executive, 7(1), 1–94. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1993.9409142061

Hornos, M. J., & Herrera-Viedma, E. (2018). Prioritization of the launch of ICT products and services through linguistic multi-criteria decision-making. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 24(3), 1231–1257. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2018.1423

Hovelja, T. (2008). Organisational effects on information technology productivity in enterprises: The case of Slovenia. Economic and Business Review, 10(3), 243–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2009.00468.x

Hovelja, T., Vasilecas, O., & Rupnik, R. (2013). A model of influences of environmental stakeholders on strategic information systems planning success in an enterprise. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 19(3), 465–488. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2013.818591

Howcroft, D., & Light, B. (2006). Reflections on issues of power in packaged software selection. Information Systems Journal, 16(3), 215–235. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2575.2006.00216.x

Hsu, P. F., Yen, H. R., & Chung, J. C. (2015). Assessing ERP post-implementation success at the individual level: Revisiting the role of service quality. Information & Management, 52(8), 925–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.06.009

Huberty, C., & Morris, J. (1989). Multivariate analysis versus multiple univariate analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 105(2), 302–308. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.302

IDC. (2007). Steady growth underlines big changes in Slovenian IT services market, says IDC. Prague: IDC. Retrieved 12 April, 2009 from http://www.idc-cema.com/?showproduct=31552

Inklaar, R., Mcgouckin, R., & van Ark, B. (2003). ICT and productivity in Europe and the United States: Where do the differences come from? CESifo Economic Studies, 49(3), 295–318. https://doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/49.3.295

Jayawickrama, U., Liu, S., & Hudson Smith, M. (2017). Knowledge prioritisation for ERP implementation success: Perspectives of clients and implementation partners in UK industries. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(7), 1521–1546. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2016-0390

Junior, F. R., Osiro, L., & Carpinetti, L. C. (2014). A comparison between Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS methods to supplier selection. Applied Soft Computing, 21, 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2014.03.014

Ke, W., & Wei, K. K. (2008). Organizational culture and leadership in ERP implementation. Decision Support Systems, 45(2), 208–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2007.02.002


Kettinger, W. J., Grover, V., Guha, S., & Segars, A. H. (1994). Strategic information systems revisited: A study in sustainability and performance. MIS Quarterly, 18(1), 31–58. https://doi.org/10.2307/249609


Kim, H., & Ramkaran, R. (2003). Best practices in e-business process management: Extending a Reengineering framework. Toronto: York University. Retrieved June 25, 2003, from http://www.yorku.ca/hmkim/files/BPMJ-EBPM.pdf


Kirikkaleli, D., & Ozun, A. (2019). Innovation capacity, business sophistication and macroeconomic stability: Empirical edvidence from OECD countries. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 20(2), 351–367. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2019.9602

Kleis, L., Chwelos, P., Ramirez, R. V., & Cockburn, I. (2012). Information technology and intangible output: The impact of IT investment on innovation productivity. Information Systems Research, 23(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0338

Kling, R., & Lamb, R. (2000). IT and organizational change in digital economies: A socio-technical approach. In B. Brynjolfsson & E. Kahin, (Eds.), Understanding the digital economy – Data, tools and research (pp. 295–324). The MIT Press. https://b-ok.cc/book/952467/e34416

Ko, E., Kim, S. H., Kim, M., & Woo, J. Y. (2008). Organizational characteristics and the CRM adoption process. Journal of Business Research, 61(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.05.011

Kohli, R., & Sherer, S. (2002). Measuring payoff of information technology investments: Research issues and guidelines. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 9(14), 241–268. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.00914

Kyung-Kwon, H., & Young-Gul, K. (2002). The critical success factors for ERP implementation: An organizational fit perspective. Information & Management, 40(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(01)00134-3

Liang, H., & Xue, Y. (2004). Coping with ERP-related contextual issues in SMEs: A vendor’s perspective. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 13(4), 399–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2004.11.006

Liao, H., Wang, B., Li, B., & Weyman-Jones, T. (2016). ICT as a general-purpose technology: The productivity of ICT in the United States revisited. Information Economics and Policy, 36, 10–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2016.05.001

Markus, L., & Tanis, C. (2000). The enterprise systems experience – From adoption to success. In R. Zmud (Ed.), Framing the domains of IT management: Projecting the future … through the past (pp. 173–207). Pinnaflex Educational Resources inc.

Microsoft Corporation. (2008). Annual Report 2008. Microsoft Corporation, Seattle. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from https://www.microsoft.com/investor/reports/ar08/10k_dl_dow.html

Microsoft Corporation. (2015). Annual Report 2015. Microsoft Corporation, Seattle. https://www.microsoft.com/investor/reports/ar15/download-center/index.html

Microsoft Corporation. (2017). Annual Report 2017. Microsoft Corporation, Seattle. https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https://c.s-microsoft.com/en-us/CMSFiles/2017_Annual_Report.docx?version=fdf60a00-f415-bcd2-9b39-885a21c40164

Porter, M. E., & Millar, V. E. (1985). How information gives you competitive advantage. Harvard Business Review, 63(4), 149–160.

Mithas, S., & Rust, R. T. (2016). How information technology strategy and investments influence firm performance: Conjecture and empirical evidence. Mis Quarterly, 40(1), 223–245. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2016/40.1.10

Mittal, N., & Nault, B. (2009). Investments in information technology: Indirect effects and information technology intensity. Information Systems Research, 20(1), 140–154.

Mohammad, A. Z. (2018). The role of technology, organization, and environment factors in enterprise resource planning implementation success in Jordan. International Business Research, 11(8), 48–65. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n8p48

Mohanty, R. P., Agarwal, R., Choudhury, A. K., & Tiwari, M. K. (2005). A fuzzy ANP-based approach to R&D project selection: A case study. International Journal of Production Research, 43(24), 5199– 5216. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540500219031

Moon, Y. (2007). Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): A review of the literature. Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 4(2), 235–264. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMED.2007.012679

Morton, N. A., & Hu, Q. (2008). Implications of the fit between organizational structure and ERP: A structural contingency theory perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 28(5), 391–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2008.01.008

Neal, A., West, M., & Patterson, M. (2000). An examination of interactions between organizational climate and human resource management practices in manufacturing organizations (Working paper No. RP 0003). Aston Business School Research Institute.

Neubert, M., & Van der Krogt, A. (2018). Impact of business intelligence solutions on export performance of software firms in emerging economies. Technology Innovation Management Review, 8(9), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1185

OECD. (2004). The economic impact of ICT; measurements, evidence and implications. OECD.

Oracle Corporation. (2008). Oracle Corporation fiscal year 2008 form 10-K annual report. Redwood. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from http://www.oracle.com/corporate/investor_relations/earnings/10k-2008.pdf

Oracle Corporation. (2013). Oracle Corporation fiscal year 2013 form 10-K annual report. http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/investor-relations/financials/fy2013-form-10k-1966521.pdf

Oracle Corporation. (2017). Oracle Corporation fiscal year 2013 form 10-K annual report. http://www.annualreports.com/Company/oracle-corporation

Ozgur, C., & Strasser, S. (2004). A study of the statistical inference criteria: Can the authors agree on when to use Z versus t? The Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 2(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4609.2004.00043.x

Paul, D. (1990). The dynamo and the computer: An historical perspective on the modern productivity paradox. The American Economic Review, 80(2), 355–361.

Podobnik, Š. (2004). Korupcija pri javnih naročilih [Corruption in Public Tenders]. University of Ljubljana.

Poku, K., & Vlosky, R. P. (2002). A model of the impact of corporate culture on Information Technology adoption (Louisiana Forest Products Laboratory Working Paper #57). https://www.lsuagcenter.com/~/media/system/7/5/b/c/75bc161651b6eb63a8b7b90cb8c1da12/wp57.pdf

Potluri, R. M., & Vajjhala, N. R. (2018). A study on application of web 3.0 technologies in small and medium enterprises of India. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(2), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2018.vol5.no2.73

Rezende da Costa, P., Silva Braga Junior, S., Silveira Porto, G., & Martinez, M. P. (2018). Relational capability and strategic alliance portfolio configuration: A study of Brazilian technology firms. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 13(5), 1026–1049. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJoEM-07-2016-0167

Romero, I., & Martínez-Román, J. A. (2015). Determinants of technology adoption in the retail trade industry – the case of SMEs in Spain. Amfiteatru Economic Journal, 17(39), 646–660. SAP AG (2004). Sap annual report 2004. Investing in Success. Walldorf. http://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReportArchive/s/NYSE_SAP_2004.pdf

SAP AG. (2008). Sap annual report 2008 on form 20-F. Sap Corporation, Palo Alto. Retrieved May 4, 2009, from http://www.sap.com/germany/about/investor/pdf/GB2008_onForm20F.pdf

SAP SE. (2015). Sap annual report 2015. Sap Corporation, Walldorf. http://go.sap.com/docs/download/investors/2015/sap-2015-annual-report.pdf

Saravanan, R., & Sundar, C. (2015). Derivation and validation of a conceptual model for ERP implementation success factors – An Indian context. Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology, 78(1), 132–146.

Scott, J., & Vessey, I. (2002). Managing risks in enterprise systems implementations. Communications of the ACM, 45(4), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1145/505248.505249

Seethamraju, R. (2015). Adoption of Software as a Service (SaaS) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs). Information Systems Frontiers, 17, 475– 492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-014-9506-5

Shafique, M. N., Raudeliūnienė, J., Davidaviciene, V., & Penčik, J. (2019). Acceptance of intelligent ticketing systems in developing countries. Engineering Economics, 30(4), 451–460. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.30.4.20941

Sharma, S. (1996). Applied multivariate techniques. John Wiley and Sons.

Shaul, L., & Tauber, D. (2013). Critical success factors in enterprise resource planning systems: Review of the last decade. ACM Computing Surveys, 45(4), 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1145/2501654.2501669

Slovenian Press Agency. (2011). Javna naročila leglo korupcije [Public tenders are the root of corruption]. Slovenian Press Agency. http://www.zurnal24.si/javna-narocila-leglo-korupcije-clanek-79519

Soh, C., Kien, S. S., & Tay-Yap, J. (2000). Cultural fits and misfits: Is ERP a universal solution? Communications of the ACM, 43(3), 47–51. https://doi.org/10.1145/332051.332070

Sudhaman, P., & Thangavel, C. (2015). Efficiency analysis of ERP projects – software quality perspective. International Journal of Project Management, 33(4), 961–970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.10.011

Swanson, E. B. (1994). Information systems innovation among organizations. Management Science, 40(9), 1069–1092. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.40.9.1069

Taştan, H., & Gönel, F. (2020). ICT labor, software usage, and productivity: Firm-level evidence from Turkey. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 53, 265–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11123-020-00573-x

Temur, G. T., & Bolat, B. (2018). A robust MCDM approach for ERP system selection under uncertain environment based on worst case scenario. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 31(3), 405–425. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-12-2017-0175

Yusuf, Y., Gunasekaran, A., & Abthorpe, M. (2004). Enterprise information systems project implementation: A case study of ERP in Rolls-Royce. International Journal of Production Economics, 87(3), 251–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2003.10.004

Zeng, Y. R., Wang, L., & Xu, X. H. (2017). An integrated model to select an ERP system for Chinese small-and medium-sized enterprise under uncertainty. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 23(1), 38–58. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2015.1072748