Evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk patterns in Shangluo City in the Qinling Mountains, China
Abstract
Landscape ecological risk assessment (LERA) is the basis of regional landscape pattern optimization, and a tool that can help achieve a win-win situation between regional development and ecological protection. The landscape ecological risk (LER) of the southern end of the Qinling Mountains, China exhibited an increasing trend after the year 2000, but the degree of increase and the spatial and temporal dynamics were not clear, limiting the formulation and implementation of landscape optimization measures in the area. Here, we constructed a landscape pattern risk index ERI by combining data on landscape disturbance and landscape vulnerability from land use information for Shangluo City for years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020; then, we calculated a LER level and its spatial and temporal dynamics for Shangluo City for years 2000 to 2020. Moran’s I and LISA indices were used to characterize the spatial correlation of ERI in Shangluo City. We found that Shangluo had a large proportion of medium-risk areas, and its LER shifted from medium-high, high in year 2000 to medium risk, medium-low and low risk in year 2020, and LER of Shangluo was clustered in space but the degree of clustering decreased in the past 20 years. We conclude that the development strategy of Shangluo should depend on providing a sustainably-developed environment.
Keyword : LERA, ERI index, spatial autocorrelation analysis, Shangluo, Qinling Mountains
How to Cite
Fang, S., Zhao, M., Zhao, P., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk patterns in Shangluo City in the Qinling Mountains, China. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 32(4), 255–269. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2024.22304
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Environmental Sciences Research Institute. (2012). http://www.esri.com/
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Hua, L., Liao, J., Chen, H., Chen, D., & Shao, G. (2018). Assessment of ecological risks induced by land use and land cover changes in Xiamen City, China. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 25(5), 439–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2017.1415235
Hunsaker, C. T., Graham, R. L., Suter, G. W., O’Neill, R. V., Barnthouse, L. W., & Gardner, R. H. (1990). Assessing ecological risk on a regional scale. Environmental Management, 14(3), 325–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02394200
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Lin, D., Liu, F., Zhang, J., Hao, H., & Zhang, Q. (2021). Research progress on ecological risk assessment based on multifunctional landscape. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 12(2), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2021.02.012
Liu, D., Chen, H., Zhang, H., Geng, T., & Shi, Q. (2020). Spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological risk based on geomorphological regionalization during 1980–2017: A case study of Shaanxi Province, China. Sustainability, 12(3), Article 941. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030941
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Liu, Y. X., Ren, Z. Y., & Li, C. Y. (2013). Response of ecosystem services value to the landscape patterns change in the Qinling Mountains [in Chinese with English abstract]. Journal of Arid Resources and Environment, 27(03), 109–114.
Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Li, J., Lu, W., Wei, X., & Sun, C. (2018). Evolution of landscape ecological risk at the optimal scale: A case study of the open coastal wetlands in Jiangsu, China. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 15(8), Article 1691. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081691
Mann, D., Anees, M. M., Rankavat, S., & Joshi, P. K. (2021). Spatio-temporal variations in landscape ecological risk related to road network in the Central Himalaya. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 27(2), 289–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2019.1710693
Mohajane, M., Essahlaoui, A., Oudija, F., Hafyani, M. E., Hmaidi, A. E., Ouali, A. E., & Teodoro, A. C. (2018). Land use/land cover (LULC) using landsat data series (MSS, TM, ETM+ and OLI) in Azrou Forest, in the Central Middle Atlas of Morocco. Environments, 5(12), Article 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments5120131
Mondal, B., Sharma, P., Kundu, D., & Bansal, S. (2021). Spatio-temporal assessment of landscape ecological risk and associated drivers: A case study of Delhi. Environment and Urbanization Asia, 12(1 Suppl.), S85–S106. https://doi.org/10.1177/09754253211007830
Pan, Y., Zhang, Y., & Wang, R. (2019). Study on the evaluation of ecological environment quality in Shangluo City [in Chinese with English abstract]. Value Engineering, (36), 22–24. https://doi.org/10.14018/j.cnki.cn13-1085/n.2019.36.010
Peng, J., Zong, M., Hu, Y. n., Liu, Y., & Wu, J. (2015). Assessing landscape ecological risk in a mining city: A case study in Liaoyuan City, China. Sustainability, 7(7), 8312–8334. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078312
Qu, Y., Zong, H., Su, D., Ping, Z., & Guan, M. (2021). Land use change and its impact on landscape ecological risk in typical areas of the Yellow River Basin in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), Article 11301. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111301
Ran, P., Hu, S., Frazier, A. E., Qu, S., Yu, D., & Tong, L. (2022). Exploring changes in landscape ecological risk in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from a spatiotemporal perspective. Ecological Indicators, 137, Article 108744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108744
Sun, P., Yang, H., & Liu, Q. (2012). Study on dynamic security of land ecology in water source area of South-to-North Water Diversion Project: A case study of Shangluo City, Shanxi Province [in Chinese with English abstract]. Journal of Natural Resources, (09), 1520–1530.
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