An assessment of an urban protected area through a space syntax approach: the case of Ordu, Turkiye
Abstract
Traditional architecture, preserved and integrated into urban life, has the potential to become a point of attraction for cities and contribute to their image. The aim of this study is to analyse the configurational characteristics of the urban conservation area and its immediate surroundings, which constitute the historical core of the city of Ordu, and the general condition of the registered architectural examples in the area. The evaluations of the spatial configuration are based on the analyses of connectivity, global and local integration, which are the basic parameters of the spatial sequence method. As a result of the study, it can be seen that the two main traffic arteries of the area, Sıtkı Can Street and Dr Osman Hilmi Memecan Street, have the highest sequence values. Although it can be seen that Sıtkı Can Street, one of these traffic arteries, is more advantageous than other streets in terms of the registered civil architecture stock in the area, it is important that restoration processes should be implemented as soon as possible in order to ensure structural and historical continuity and not to lose the registered civil architecture examples located in different parts of the study area.
Keyword : space syntax, urban protected area, spatial configuration, conservation, Ordu (Türkiye)
How to Cite
Karabork, R. N., Yesil, P., & Yesil, M. (2025). An assessment of an urban protected area through a space syntax approach: the case of Ordu, Turkiye. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 33(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2025.22954
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Atakara, C., & Allahmoradi, M. (2021). Investigating the urban spatial growth by using space syntax and GIS—A case study of Famagusta city. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(10), Article 638. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100638
Ashrafi, B., Kloos, M., & Neugebauer, C. (2021). Heritage impact assessment, beyond an assessment tool: A comparative analysis of urban development impact on visual integrity in four UNESCO World Heritage Properties. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 47, 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2020.08.002
Bandarin, F. (2019). Reshaping urban conservation. creativity, heritage and the city (Vol. 2). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8887-2_1
Baran, P. K., Rodríguez, D. A., & Khattak, A. J. (2008). Space syntax and walking in a new urbanist and suburban neighbourhoods. Journal of Urban Design, 13(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800701803498
Cabrera-Jara, N., & Greene-Zuñiga, M. (2024). Forgetting intangible values and community: The case of heritage conservation policies in Cuenca, Ecuador. Journal of Urban Management, 13(2), 279–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.12.004
Can, C. (1993). Kentsel koruma alanları ve koruma sorunları. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1–2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1501/Dtcfder_0000001132
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Garcia-Castillo, E., Paya-Zaforteza, I., & Hospitaler, A. (2023). Fire in heritage and historic buildings, a major challenge for the 21st century. Developments in the Built Environment, 13, Article 100102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2022.100102
Giannopoulou, M., Roukounis, Y., & Stefanis, V. (2012). Traffic network and the urban environment: An adapted space syntax approach. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 48, 1887–1896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1163
Griffiths, S., & Vaughan, L. (2020). Mapping spatial cultures: Contributions of space syntax to research in the urban history of the nineteenth-century city. Urban History, 47(3), 488–511. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963926820000206
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Hillier, B., & Hanson, J. (1984). The social logic of space. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511597237
Hillier, B. (1999). The hidden geometry of deformed grids: Or, why space syntax works, when it looks as though it shouldn’t. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1068/b4125
Ismail, H. N., Chau, L. W., & Rahman, J. (2010). Configuration or attractors? A space syntactic inquiry into tourists’ movement flow pattern in the Melaka world heritage site. Accounting History Review, 20(3), 271–301.
Jiang, B., Claramunt, C., & Klarqvist, B. (2000). Integration of space syntax into GIS for modelling urban spaces. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 2(3–4), 161–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0303-2434(00)85010-2
Jiao, L., Wu, Y., Fang, K., & Liu, X. (2023). Typo-morphological approaches for maintaining the sustainability of local traditional culture: A case study of the Damazhan and Xiaomazhan historical area in Guangzhou. Buildings, 13(9), Article 2351. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092351
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Kim, Y. O., & Penn, A. (2004). Linking the spatial syntax of cognitive maps to the spatial syntax of the environment. Environment and Behavior, 36(4), 483–504. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503261384
Kubat, A. S. (2015). Kentlerin biçimsel yapısındaki sayısal mantık: Space syntax. In Türkiye Kentsel Morfoloji Ağı 1, Sempozyumu (pp. 32–58). https://tnum.org.tr/index.php/tnum/article/view/3
Li, Y., Xiao, L., Ye, Y., Xu, W., & Law, A. (2016). Understanding tourist space at a historic site through space syntax analysis: The case of Gulangyu, China. Tourism Management, 52, 30–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.008
Liang, W., Ahmad, Y., & Mohidin, H. H. B. (2023). The development of the concept of architectural heritage conservation and its inspiration. Built Heritage, 7(1), Article 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43238-023-00103-2
Long, Y., Qin, J., Wu, Y., & Wang, K. (2023). Analysis of urban park accessibility based on space syntax: Take the urban area of Changsha city as an example. Land, 12(5), Article 1061. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12051061
Lucchi, E., & Buda, A. (2022). Urban green rating systems: Insights for balancing sustainable principles and heritage conservation for neighbourhood and cities renovation planning. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 161, Article 112324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112324
Lyu, Y., Abd Malek, M. I., Jaafar, N. H., Sima, Y., Han, Z., & Liu, Z. (2023). Unveiling the potential of space syntax approach for revitalizing historic urban areas: A case study of Yushan Historic District, China. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 12(6), 1144–1156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2023.08.004
Meydan Yıldız, S. G. (2023). “Dünya mirası” Safranbolu Koruma Bölgesi’nin sürdürülebilirlik bileşenleri doğrultusunda incelenmesi. Online Journal of Art and Design, 11(2), 32–42.
Mohamed, A. A., & Van der Laag Yamu, C. (2024). Space syntax has come of age: A bibliometric review from 1976 to 2023. Journal of Planning Literature, 39(2), 203–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231208018
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Oktay, S., Taş, N., & Taş, M. (2020). Kültürel miras alanlarının korunması ve afet yönetimi ilişkisi. Resilience, 4(2), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.710387
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Ozbil, A., Yesiltepe, D., Argin, G., & Rybarczyk, G. (2021). Children’s active school travel: Examining the combined perceived and objective built-environment factors from space syntax. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), Article 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010286
Palaiologou, G., & Griffiths, S. (2019). The uses of space syntax historical research for policy development in heritage urbanism. In Cultural urban heritage: Development, learning and landscape strategies (pp. 19–34). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10612-6_2
Peerapun, W. (2018). Participatory planning approach to urban conservation and regeneration in Amphawa community, Thailand. Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies, 3(6), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i6.245
QGIS Development Team. (2024). QGIS geographic information system. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. http://qgis.osgeo.org
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Ricci, L., Mariano, C., & Perrone, F. (2024). Cultural heritage recognition through protection of historical value and urban regeneration: CSOA Forte Prenestino. Land, 13(4), Article 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13040453
Salheen, M., & Forsyth, L. (2001). Addressing distance in the space syntax syntactical model. Urban Design International, 6, 93–110. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.udi.9000040
Sıkoğlu, E., & Arslan, H. (2015). Mekân dizim analizi yöntemi ve bunun coğrafi çalışmalarda kullanılabilirliği. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, (65), 11–22.
Soleh, M. A., Soedarsono, W. K., & Putra, B. D. (2022). The design of Bandung station area through walkability using urban network analysis. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1058(1), Article 012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1058/1/012022
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