Share:


Collision prevention in Singapore Strait by using timed Petri net

    Rino Bošnjak Affiliation
    ; Danko Kezić Affiliation
    ; Pero Vidan Affiliation
    ; Zvonko Kavran Affiliation

Abstract

The problem of maritime traffic in Singapore Strait is traffic density, also the probability of collision, which is increased beside the existing Vessel Traffic System (VTS). The paper discusses the synthesis early warning system, or automatic crossing supervisor for Singapore Strait by using the Timed Petri Nets (TPN). Authors proposes dividing the strait in zones, so called crossings, where routes are crossing and in which the number of ships must be limited. The maximum number of vessels in period of time of the highest traffic density through the crossings are determined. Derived constraints are used for synthesis of crossing supervisor. The authors uses Petri nets to make model Singapore Strait, and use P-invariant method to syntheses crossing supervisor, which limits the number of ships in all critical crossings. Finally, the author verified derived supervisor by using Visual Object Net ++ programme for computer simulation. With the aid of Transas nautical simulator, the traffic in the strait is analysed.


First published online 09 December 2019

Keyword : maritime transport, safety, Singapore Strait, supervisor, Petri net, simulation, vessel traffic system

How to Cite
Bošnjak, R., Kezić, D., Vidan, P., & Kavran, Z. (2020). Collision prevention in Singapore Strait by using timed Petri net. Transport, 35(3), 273-282. https://doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11623
Published in Issue
Jul 9, 2020
Abstract Views
892
PDF Downloads
700
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Alexander, L.; Lee, S.; A. Baranowski, A.; Porathe, T. 2013. Harmonised portrayal of e-navigation-related information, TransNav: International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 7(1): 39–43. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.07.01.04

Bordbar, B.; Al-Ajeli, A.; Alodib, M. 2014. On diagnosis of violations of constraints in Petri Net models of discrete event systems, in 2014 IEEE 26th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, 10–12 November 2014, Limassol, Cyprus, 673–680. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTAI.2014.106

Drath, R. 2019. Visual Object Net++. Website of the Prof. Rainer Drath. Available from Internet: https://www.r-drath.de/visualobjectnet-download.html

Harušťák, M.; Hrúz, B. 2000. Supervisory control of discrete event systems and its solution with the Petri Net P-invariants, IFAC Proceedings Volumes 33(13): 385–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-6670(17)37220-8

Kao, S.-L.; Lee, K.-T.; Chang, K.-Y.; Ko, M.-D. 2007. A fuzzy logic method for collision avoidance in vessel traffic service, The Journal of Navigation 60(1): 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463307003980

Kezić, D.; Perić, N.; Petrović, I. 2005. A Petri Net approach of deadlock prevention in marine traffic system, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2005 – ISIE 2005, 20–23 June 2005, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2005.1528915

Kezić, D.; Perić, N.; Petrović, I. 2006. An algorithm for deadlock prevention based on iterative siphon control of Petri Net, Automatika: Journal for Control, Measurement, Electronics, Computing and Communications 47(1–2): 19–30.

Lazarowska, A. 2014. Ship’s trajectory planning for collision avoidance at sea based on ant colony optimisation, The Journal of Navigation 68(2): 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463314000708

Li, Y.; Wonham, W. M. 1993. Control of vector discrete-event systems. I. The base model, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 38(8): 1214–1227. https://doi.org/10.1109/9.233154

Mansson, J. T.; Lutzhoft, M.; Brooks, B. 2017. Joint activity in the maritime traffic system: perceptions of ship masters, maritime pilots, tug masters, and vessel traffic service operators, The Journal of Navigation 70(3): 547–560. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463316000758

MPA Singapore. 2019. Vessel Traffic Information System. Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA Singapore). Available from Internet: https://www.mpa.gov.sg/web/portal/home/port-of-singapore/operations/vessel-traffic-information-system-vtis

Murata, T. 1989. Petri nets: properties, analysis and applications, Proceedings of the IEEE 77(4): 541–580. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.24143

NSHC. 2012. MONALISA Project: MONALISA – Motorways & Electronic Navigation by Intelligence at Sea. North Sea Hydrographic Commission (NSHC). 6 p. Available from Internet: https://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/rhc/NSHC/NSHC30/NSHC30-C7-Sweden.pdf

Pietrzykowski, Z.; Wołejsza, P.; Borkowski, P. 2017. Decision support in collision situations at sea, Journal of Navigation 70(3): 447–464. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463316000746

Porathe, T.; Borup, O.; Jeong, J. S.; Park, J. H.; Camre, D. A.; Brödje, A. 2014. Ship traffic management route exchange: acceptance in Korea and Sweden, a cross cultural study, in Proceedings of the International Symposium Information on Ships (ISIS 2014), 4–5 September 2014, Hamburg, Germany, 64–79.

Porathe, T.; Lützhöft, M.; Praetorius, G. 2013. Communicating intended routes in ECDIS: evaluating technological change, Accident Analysis & Prevention 60: 366–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.012

SCM. 2014. Implementation Security Courses under STCW 1978 as Amended: SCM Circular to Shipowners, Shipyards, Masters, Agents and Relevant Interest Parties. Ships Classification Malaysia (SCM). 2 p. Available from Internet: http://www.myscm.com.my/circulars/2014/circular2-2014.pdf

Singapore DOS. 2019. Singapore Department of Statistics (DOS). Available from Internet: https://www.singstat.gov.sg

StrasseLink. 2017. Straits. Available from Internet: http://www.strasselink.com/straits.php

Szlapczynski, R. 2013. Evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories within traffic separation schemes, The Journal of Navigation 66(1): 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463312000422

Wang, J. 1998. Timed Petri Nets: Theory and Application. Springer. 281 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5537-7

Weng, J.; Meng, Q.; Qu, X. 2012. Vessel collision frequency estimation in the Singapore Strait, The Journal of Navigation 65(2): 207–221. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463311000683

Yamalidou, K.; Moody, J.; Lemmon, M.; Antsaklis, P. 1996. Feedback control of petri nets based on place invariants, Automatica 32(1): 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(95)00103-4